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COVER FEATURE
DIGITAL TWINS
Trusting Digital Twins
A digital twin is a virtual representation of real-world entities and processes synchronized at a specified frequency and fidelity. This new technology has the same trust concerns as do other systems, and we explore them here.
Phil Laplante (plaplante@psu.edu), professor, The Pennsylvania State University.
Digital Twins: From Conceptual Views to Industrial Applications in the Electrical Domain
This article reviews various conceptual views behind the digital twins paradigm, highlights software technologies to develop digital twins, analyzes the use of digital twins during the lifecycle of industrial assets, and discusses a generic scenario from the electricity domain.
Giovanna Di Marzo Serugendo (giovanna.dimarzo@unige.ch), professor, Anne-Francoise Cutting-Decelle (anne-francoise.cutting-decelle@unige.ch), researcher, University of Geneva; Laurent Guise (laurent.guise@energysemantic.com), energy consultant, EnergySemantic.com; Thierry Cormenier (thierry.cormenier@se.com), senior expert, Imran Khan (imran@ieee.org), principal architect, Luc Hossenlopp (luc.hossenlopp@se.com), digital chief technology officer fellow, Schneider Electric.
OSJ FORECAST
OSJ Big Seven Forecasts, v. 2022
The consequences of the pandemic turned out to be irreversible, just as expected. The internal corporate workflows, as well as a lion’s share of business have gone digital. Moreover, the pre-existing trend of moving into a digital future has drastically accelerated. The contours of the metaverse are becoming ever more vivid for the companies, as well as the digital assets they are going to use. Businesses are forced either to develop their own ecosystems, become part of others, or die. They make Herculean efforts to build trust in artificial intelligence and to turn it into a business partner. Today, this means not only a technology transformation, but also an unprecedented cultural one.
Nikolai Smirnov (nsmirnov@osp.ru), independent writer (Moscow).
PLATFORMS
On the Way to Efficient Management of Distributed Hardware Systems
In science and industry today, the problem of effectively controlling distributed hardware systems of various complexity levels, which has been addressed so far with the help of specialized object-oriented distributed systems, is a hot topic. The open cross-platform Tango Controls system for managing distributed industrial configurations can claim the role of being such a system.
Alexei Bondiakov (aleksey@jinr.ru), Andrei Kondratiev (konratyev@jinr.ru), software engineers, Information Technology Lab, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna).
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Did Your Manager Choose Your Architecture?
Most engineers would cringe at the idea of their managers choosing their system’s software architecture, but back in 1968, this is exactly what Melvin Conway found to be true. Across many companies, Conway found that the organizational chart, chosen by managers, was replicated in the software systems of those companies.
Timothy J. Halloran (hallorant@gmail.com), software engineer, Google.
SECURITY
Reliability, Security, and Privacy in Power Grids
As we move from traditional power grids to smart grids, new threats arise. We focus on cybersecurity in power grids, highlighting the threats to and vulnerabilities of those cyberphysical systems and presenting future solutions.
Leandros A. Maglaras (leandros.maglaras@dmu.ac.uk), professor, Nick Ayres (nick.ayres@dmu.ac.uk), lecturer, De Montfort University (UK); Mohamed Amine Ferrag (mohamedamine@univ-guelma.dz), lecturer, Guelma University (Algeria); Helge Janicke (helge.janicke@cybersecuritycrc.org.au), research director, Cyber Security Cooperative Research Center (Australia); Leandros Tassiulas (leandros.tassiulas@yale.edu), professor, Yale University.
OPINION
Low-Code for Enterprises: Pro and Contra
Could low-code/no-code platforms be used extensively in large companies with complex business processes and even more complex inter-departmental relationships?
Nikolai Smirnov (nsmirnov@osp.ru), independent writer (Moscow).
Getting Cloud IT Infrastructure Costs Under Control
The wide adoption of DevOps and cloud availability have changed the procurement paradigm for building IT infrastructures, with businesses having got the ability to achieve their objectives really quickly. Still, the speed and flexibility have their downsides as well.
Pavel Tokarev (pavel.tokarev@softline.com), technology and innovation director, Cloudmaster, Softline Group (Moscow).
OS MEETING ROOM
Inspector Analysts for the Audit Chamber
Many government agencies face the problem of their employees lacking analytical work experience, while having low technical competence level and no understanding of data management processes. A comprehensive program for training data management professionals can address the task of preparing specialists in external government audit.
Nikolai Smirnov (nsmirnov@osp.ru), independent writer (Moscow).
OS ACADEMY
Process-Based Approach to Automation
Automation of enterprises using a process approach helps freeing up employees from routine tasks while improving the speed of in-house interoperation and enabling quick transformation of business processes in line with the current turbulent economy.
Andrey Mikheyev (agmikheev@processtech.ru), CEO, Process Technologies, assistant professor, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Financial Universities; Marina Medvedeva (ma_0848@mail.ru), student, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, staff specialist, Process Technologies.
The China “Secret” Technologies
Gone are the times when the “unicorns” were born only in the Silicon Valley: today, cutting-edge world-class businesses are created in China. The Alpina PRO publishing house with help of LANIT has issued the Russian-language edition of the book “Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs: Lessons from China's Innovators” by George Yip, Mark J. Greeven, and Wei Wei. The authors explain in detail and using specific examples how Chinese entrepreneurs not only survive amidst the fierce competition and turbulent global economy, but also grow their business, conquering new markets and continents.
Dmitry Volkov (vlk@keldysh.ru ), senior fellow, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics.
Digital Twins: Ideas and Reality
The September, October, and November Issues of Computer Magazine (IEEE Computer Society, Vol. 55, No. 9-11, 2022) cover subjects including digital twins, software engineering, blockchain, software supply chains, education, and security.
Alexander Tyrenko (shoorah@osp.ru), independent writer (Moscow).
